Page 19 quote about the effect of competition: "The likelihood of giving away innovation related information may be affected by the level of rivalry within the community. If an innovator believes that revealing innovation-related information will allow a rival to outperform him, the likelihood that the innovator will reveal this information will decrease unconditionally. This hypothesis is clearly confirmed in the communities studied here: assistance is given less often in more competitive settings."

I distinguish between "hard" competition, and "soft" competition. Soft competition relies more on the reputation angle. Hard competition is about winning in a zero sum game.

Properly structuring incentives is critical to maximize the benefits of innovation.